Utilitarianism is a moral philosophy where the moral justification of a course of action is established based on its ability to accord tangible benefits to a more significant number of beneficiaries than those who lose out. Therefore, utilitarianism justifies its decisions based on establishing the amount of benefits against that of losses · Utilitarianism essentially argues our actions are not as relevant as the outcome they produce, which is the importance we hold in maintaining happiness, and how the desire for happiness drives most of what we do Utilitarianism Essay In philosophy, utilitarianism argues that a pleasure state of being is preferred over a painful state of being. Utilitarianism also notes that all human utility must be taken into account when making moral judgments
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We use cookies to give you the utilitarian essays experience possible. The greatest happiness of the greatest number, or as cold as it may be, sacrificing the utilitarian essays for the good of the many.
Utilitarian moral theories evaluate the moral worth of action on the basis of happiness that is produced by an action. Whatever produces the most happiness in the most people is the moral course of action. I will give the best arguments against Utilitarianism, and show in my own opinion, why I think they are wrong.
Don't use plagiarized sources. Sterling Harwood states that even he does not accept all eleven of his objections, but he merely wants to survey a large number of objections and provoke further discussion. Harwood uses most of the versions of Utilitarianism in his objections, and I will briefly introduce his eleven objections but go into detail on a few of them; the ones that I feel help show that Harwood is incorrect in his assumption to reject Utilitarianism.
Harwood concludes that though he rejects some of the objections to utilitarianism, but he feels that the remaining objections collectively have enough force to convince people to reject Utilitarianism.
Utilitarianism utilitarian essays often criticized for failing to treat retributive justice as having intrinsic moral importance p. Harwood is incorrect; I do not feel that Utilitarianism is unjust.
Harwood uses examples in his writings, such as the sheriff dilemma, where angry black mobs are about to take the law into their own hands after a local black woman had been raped utilitarian essays murdered. The sheriff can easily disperse the mob utilitarian essays potentially save many lives if he blames the murder on the useless town drunk, who remembers nothing of the night and has no utilitarian essays. Another example that Harwood gives is of a genius, who is about to develop a cure for cancer, but murders his wife.
Utilitarianism would tell us not to punish this man, but let him create this sought after cure that could save millions of lives. Though it may appear unjust to let the drunk take the blame or the genius walk to develop the cure, look outside the box.
A drunk, though innocent in this situation, utilitarian essays, probably causes mischief and crime and benefits the community none, utilitarian essays.
Instead of having hundreds murdered, why not sacrifice the few for the good of the many? And this question is applied to both examples. Let the genius remain free until he develops the cure, and then lock him up. What if that is the main way he chooses to spend his resources? Alternatively, imagine that the person does take the utilitarian approach and ignore the promise made to his mother by investing his time and energy into something he truly enjoys: robbing bank or committing heinous crimes.
Although this person broke the promise, the result does not generate much pleasure for everyone involved. Harwood illustrates how utilitarians operate in regards to promises by offering the example that a person who is meeting a friend for lunch helps victims from a car crash on the way to the restaurant, and as a result is late for lunch, utilitarian essays. However, I think that this is just a matter of social graces. I will end with my arguments utilitarian essays Harwood with one more critique to his objections.
Harwood objects to utilitarianism through the seventh objection of entering the experience machine. Which he compares to something like virtual reality He believes that there are more intrinsic values out there like truth, knowledge, and reality, utilitarian essays. Apparently he values these intrinsic goods more so than pleasure and satisfaction making him not a Utilitarian.
But why do his values make utilitarianism false? If being inside the experience machine would allow every desire of mine to be fulfilled without my knowing of it being fake, I personally would rather be in the machine, utilitarian essays. Does that make me wrong to do so?
Utilitarian essays is a struggle; it provides much dissatisfaction as well as pleasure as one goes through the course of their lives, utilitarian essays. Some utilitarian essays more struggles utilitarian essays others and to the extreme take their life to end their pain.
So to someone whose only value is pleasure, would he or she not be a fool to enter the machine? If I were to go through all eleven objections that Harwood presented, I would be writing a very lengthy paper, so I end with these three objections of his and my arguments against them.
Sterling Harwood did a very good job arguing against Utilitarianism, but it just was not enough to make me reject it as a theory. I lean towards utilitarianism more and more as I age.
I do not consider myself utilitarian or an egoist, but I find myself agreeing with both of these theories, even though these two theories run parallel to each other. Egoism is the rough idea that the right thing to do is to look out for your own self-interest. Egoism is a teleological theory of ethics that sets as its goal the benefit, pleasure, or utilitarian essays good of oneself alone.
It is contrasted with altruism, utilitarian essays, which is not strictly self-interested, but includes in its goal the interests of utilitarian essays as well, utilitarian essays.
Egoism can be a utilitarian essays or a normative position. Psychological egoism, the most famous descriptive position, claims that each person has but one ultimate aim: his or her own welfare. Normative forms of egoism make claims about what one ought to do, rather than describe what one does do. With egoism, we are morally required only to make ourselves as happy as possible. We have no moral obligations to others, utilitarian essays.
This may require that we forgo some immediate pleasures for the sake of achieving some long utilitarian essays goals, utilitarian essays. Also, ethical egoism does not exclude helping others; However, egoists will help others only if this will further their own interests. An ethical egoist will claim that the altruist helps others only because they want to or because they think there will be some personal advantage in doing so.
That is, they deny the possibility of genuine altruism because they believe we are all by nature selfish. Human beings are and always will be selfish. So to conclude, I believe that morality is based on egoistic principles rather than non-egoistic ones, utilitarian essays. No one likes to admit they are selfish, utilitarian essays, but the truth is they are.
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PHILOSOPHY - Ethics: Utilitarianism, Part 1 [HD]
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· Harwood’s eleven objections are that Utilitarianism is overly demanding, it eliminates supererogation, it is unjust, it fails to take promises seriously enough, average and total Utilitarianism produce absurdities, rule-Utilitarianism is incoherent or redundant, Utilitarianism requires us to enter the experience machine, it wildly overstates our duties to animals, it panders to bigots and sadists, it makes interpersonal comparisons of utility, and Utilitarianism Estimated Reading Time: 8 mins Utilitarian Ethics Essay Words | 8 Pages. involved) posses a challenge for utilitarian ethics. This topic is primarily addressed in practical ethics, given the enormous consequences that animal farming have on billions of animals every year. However, this problem goes further, to the core of utilitarian ethics, having to address issues · This essay on Utilitarian Ethics in Philosophy was written and submitted by your fellow student. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly
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